Appendix D
Design
Standards Construction Methods
Section 1. Road Design Standards[1]
A. Current editions of all reference publications or
design standards shall be used.
B. All streets shall be designed and
construction certified to conform to the requirements set forth in this
Appendix by a Professional Engineer licensed in
C. No variation from these standards will be
allowed without the approval of the Village Engineer and the
D. All Primary Roads will be individually designed in
accordance with the current edition of the NYSDOT Highway Design Manual by a
Professional Engineer licensed in New York State and require the approval of
the Village Engineer. In no case will a
design be accepted that is less restrictive than the specifications for
Secondary Roads. Curbs may be required
with a minimum pavement width of 32 feet between curbs.
E. All minimum maintenance road designs will be
evaluated and approved by the Village Engineer and Village of Lansing
Superintendent of Public Works. The
design standards are Manual Guidelines for
F. Table 1 Design Standards for
Street Designs with Shoulders [Amended
12-20-1993 by L.L.No. 18-1993][2]
G. Table 2 Design Standards for Street Design with
Concrete Gutters[3]
H. Typical road cross-sections shown in Figures 1 and 2
shall be used for all roads.[4]
I. The following New York Sate
Department of Transportation Publications
– Highway Design Manual, Standard Specifications, and Standard Sheets
J. Publications referenced in
Tables 1 and 2 and Appendix E
K. American Association of
|
Requirements for (1) |
Dead Ends, & Roads Not Defined
Elsewhere |
Local Service & Access Roads ADT[400 |
Secondary Roads |
|
Design Speed (2) |
30 MPH |
30 MPH |
30 MPH |
|
Minimum Width of Right-of-Way (3) & (6) |
60 Feet |
60 Feet |
60 Feet |
|
Requirements for (1) |
Dead Ends, & Roads Not Defined
Elsewhere |
Local Service & Access Roads ADT[400 |
Secondary Roads |
|
|
Minimum Radius of Horizontal Curves (4) |
125 Feet |
230 Feet 125 Feet (4) |
300 Feet |
|
|
Minimum Length of Vertical Curves |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
|
|
Minimum Length of Tangents Between Curves |
40 feet |
100 Feet |
200 Feet |
|
|
Maximum Grade |
8% |
7% |
6% |
|
|
Minimum Grade |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
|
Maximum
Super-elevation |
4% |
4% |
4% |
|
|
Minimum Sight Distance (5) |
150 Ft. |
200 Ft. |
300 Ft. |
|
|
Sidewalks (7) |
Where Required |
Where Required |
Required
|
|
|
Utilities |
No. 1 Appendix E |
No. 1 Appendix E |
No. 1 Appendix E |
|
|
Turnaround |
No. 2 Appendix E |
|
|
|
|
Culverts |
No. 3 Appendix E |
No. 3 Appendix E |
No. 3 Appendix E |
|
|
Subgrade |
No. 4 Appendix E |
No. 4 Appendix E |
No. 4 Appendix E |
|
|
Ditch line |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
|
|
Dimension A Fig. 1 (7) |
12-inches |
15-inches |
18-inches |
|
|
Dimension B Fig. 1 |
Varies 6 Appendix E |
Varies 6 Appendix E |
Varies 6 Appendix E |
|
|
Dimension C Fig. 1 (7) |
Varies – 3.5’ Minimum |
Varies – 3.5’ Minimum |
Varies – 4’ Minimum |
|
|
Dimension D Fig. 1 (7) |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
|
|
Dimension E Fig. 1 (7) |
10 Feet |
10 Feet |
12 Feet |
|
|
Dimension F Fig. 1 (7) |
3-inches |
3-inches |
4-inches |
|
|
Dimension G Fig. 1 (7) |
1 ½-inches |
1 ½-inches |
2-inches |
|
|
Dimension H Fig. 1 (7) |
4 Feet |
5 Feet |
5 Feet |
|
|
Guiderail |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See
notes (1) to (7) after Table 2
|
Requirements for (1) |
Dead Ends, & Roads Not Defined
Elsewhere |
Local Service & Access Roads ADT[400 |
Secondary Roads |
|
Design Speed (2) |
30 MPH |
30 MPH |
30 MPH |
|
Minimum Width of Right-of-Way (3) & (6) |
60 Feet |
60 Feet |
60 Feet |
|
Requirements for (1) |
Dead Ends, & Roads Not Defined
Elsewhere |
Local Service & Access Roads ADT[400 |
Secondary Roads |
|
Minimum Radius of Horizontal Curves (4) |
125 Feet |
230 Feet 125 Feet (4) |
300 Feet |
|
Minimum Length of Vertical Curves |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
100 Feet but in no case less than 20 feet for each 1% difference of grade |
|
Minimum Length of Tangents Between Curves |
40 feet |
100 Feet |
200 Feet |
|
Maximum Grade |
8% |
7% |
6% |
|
Minimum Grade |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
Maximum
Super-elevation |
.04% |
.04% |
.04% |
|
Minimum Sight Distance (5) |
150 Ft. |
200 Ft. |
300 Ft. |
|
Sidewalks (7) |
Where Required |
Where Required |
Required
|
|
Utilities |
No. 1 Appendix E |
No. 1 Appendix E |
No. 1 Appendix E |
|
Turnaround |
No. 2 Appendix E |
|
|
|
Culverts |
No. 3 Appendix E |
No. 3 Appendix E |
No. 3 Appendix E |
|
Drainage Inlets |
No. 7 Appendix E |
No. 7 Appendix E |
No. 7 Appendix E |
|
Subgrade |
No. 4 Appendix E |
No. 4 Appendix E |
No. 4 Appendix E |
|
Dimension A Fig. 2 (7) |
12-inches |
12-inches |
15-inches |
|
Dimension B Fig. 2 |
D + G +1’ |
D + G +1’ |
D + G +1’ |
|
Dimension C Fig. 2 (7) |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
No. 6 Appendix E |
|
Dimension D Fig. 2 (7) |
9 Feet |
10 Feet |
12 Feet |
|
Dimension E Fig. 2 (7) |
3-incdes |
3-incdes |
4-inches |
|
Dimension F Fig. 2 (7) |
1 ½-inches |
1 ½-inches |
2-inches |
|
Dimension G Fig. 2 (7) |
30-inches |
30-inches |
30-inches |
|
Dimension H Fig. 2 (7) |
4-inch |
4-inch |
4-inch |
|
Guiderail |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
Rustic Box Beam where required in accordance with the NYSDOT Guiderail Standards |
NOTES:
Applicable to Tables 1 and 2
The requirements set forth in these tables shall only apply
to and be imposed upon all streets or roads newly constructed from the
effective date of this chapter forward.
(1)
Standards of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials shall govern in determining safe operating speeds and signing
requirements.
(2)
In front of areas zoned and designed for commercial use, or where a
change of zoning to a zone which permits commercial use is contemplated, the
street width shall be increased by such amount on each side as may be deemed
necessary by the Planning Board to assure the free flow of through traffic
without interference by parked or parking vehicles, and to provide adequate and
safe parking space for such commercial district.
(3)
Radius of horizontal curves shall be measured along the centerline
of the street. The 125-foot radius may
be allowed on residential roads with little anticipated truck traffic.
(4)
Sight distance shall be measured between two (2) points along the
center line of the street on a straight line entirely within the street
right-of-way and clear of obstructions, one (1) of the points to be at the
surface of the street and the other four and one-half (4 1/2) feet above the
surface.
(5)
Widening of existing street right-of-way. Where a subdivision
adjoins an existing street which does not conform to the minimum right-of-way
width given in these Regulations, the developer shall dedicate whatever
additional right-of-way width is necessary to provide, along the development
side of the normal street center line, a width which is equal to at least
one-half (1/2) of the minimum standard width for the respective type of street.
(6)
Refer to Appendix E for additional material design and installation
standards or specifications.
Section 2. Street Intersections.[5]
A. Intersections with primary roads shall be held to a minimum and spaced at least one thousand (1,000) feet apart, and intersections with secondary roads by other roads shall be at least eight hundred (800) feet apart. Between offset intersections there shall be a distance of at least one hundred fifty (150) feet. Within fifty (50) feet of an intersection, streets shall be approximately at right angles and in no case shall the angle of intersection be less than seventy-five degrees (75°) without additional channelization. Minimum edge of pavement radii shall depend on the intersecting street types, and shall be as follows:
(1) Any road with secondary road: thirty-five (35) feet.
(2) Any road with other than a secondary road: thirty (30) feet.
B. Access streets into the subdivision from a primary road shall have minimum edge of pavement radii of forty (40) feet. All property corners at street intersections shall be rounded with a radius of twenty (20) feet, or have comparable cutoffs or chords, as the Planning Board determines. Within triangular areas formed by the intersecting street lines, for a distance of seventy-five (75) feet from their intersection, and the diagonals connecting the end points of these lines, visibility for traffic safety shall be provided by exclusions of plantings or structures and regrading as necessary.
C. Grades within the intersection should not exceed one percent (1%). They should not exceed one and one-half percent (1 1/2%) for a distance of fifty (50) feet from the intersections. From fifty to one hundred-feet (50 to 100), the grades should not exceed three percent (3%), and in no case shall they exceed ten percent (10%).
D. Triangles, circles or other traffic channeling islands may be required at intersections where present or anticipated traffic conditions indicate their advisability for traffic control or safety.
Section 3. Street Grading and Shoulders.
A. Areas within street rights-of-way shall be graded as necessary to eliminate any slopes steeper than one (1) foot vertical in three (3) feet of horizontal distance.
B. Where a one on three slopes is not practicable, the Village Engineer will determine if a closed drainage system or guiderail are necessary.
C. Street shoulders shall not exceed a slope of six percent (6%) at right angle to the street centerline. Shoulder width is defined in Table 1 or Table 2.
D. Unpaved areas within the street right-of-way shall be treated with topsoil and seeded to grass except where noted differently on the typical road cross section.
Section 4. Watercourses.
A. Where a watercourse separates a proposed street from abutting property, provision must be made for access to all lots not accessible form other public streets by means of culverts or other structures designed per MS4.
B. Where a watercourse, drainageway, channel or stream traverses a subdivision, there shall be provided a stormwater easement or drainage right-of-way as required by the Village Engineer, and in no case less than twenty (20) feet in width.
Section 5. Monuments.
A. Permanent survey monuments shall be set in the boundary of rights-of-way at intersecting streets, point of curvature (PC) and point of tangency (PT) of curves, though the point of intersection (PI) of short curves may be used instead, where such is practical, at the discretion of the Village.
B. Monuments shall be placed on both sides of the street and at all corners of the intersecting streets. Adjacent monumented points shall be visible from each other.
C. Monument locations shall be shown on the plat; field notes of ties to monuments or a tie sheet shall be submitted to the Village after installation of monuments.
D. Monuments shall be concrete and not less than four (4) inches in diameter or square, and not less than forty-two (42) inches long or from the top of underlying rock. Concrete monuments shall be reinforced with steel rods and a plug, brass plate or pin shall serve as the point of reference.
Section 6. Street Construction.
A. All materials shall conform to the New York State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications, unless the same are altered by specific requirements under any itemized specification or by modifying notes shown upon the plans.[6]
B. Suitable on site material may be used for the construction of embankments with the approval of the Village Engineer.
C. In order to assure the structural integrity of the subgrade and foundation course the following general rules shall apply:
(1) Underground utilities (Refer to No. 1 in Appendix E).[7]
(2) Subgrade preparation (Refer to No. 4 in Appendix E).[8]
(3) If, in the opinion of the Planning Board and Village Engineer, it is necessary to intercept and carry away groundwater to protect the stability of the subgrade underdrains will be required.
(4) Foundation courses for permanent streets must not be used for access streets in wet weather, or at such times when the subgrade could become pumped into the foundation course.
(5) Where pavements must be placed in an embankment condition the entire height of embankment must be constructed with the use of standard and appropriate compaction equipment. This equipment shall consist of sheepsfoot rollers, vibratory roller or similar equipment. The entire embankment area shall be compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) of maximum density at 62% of optimum moisture content defined by a modified proctor test. The developer shall provide results of certified compaction tests undertaken by a competent soil-testing laboratory.
D. All stumps, brush, trees and other rubbish shall be disposed of in a manner in conformance with NYSDEC regulations.
E. Sod and topsoil shall be stored for later use.
F. Excess material and material not suitable fo